Canon introduced the Pocketronic, a commercialization of the original TI Cal-Tech design, with a three-chip TI chipset and ticker tape printer/display. Sharp introduced the EL-8, based on a four-chip Rockwell chipset and Iseden Itron VFDs. Several manufacturers introduced large LSI-based handheld calculators, distinctively larger than a pocket calculator but handheld nonetheless. In 1970, MOS LSI technology became available for calculator products. The success of the 9100A lead directly to the development of HP's powerful 9800-series desktop instrumentation control calculators, as well as their personal calculator product line. The 9100A featured discrete diode and transistor logic, RPN entry, and used the famed CORDIC algorithm to compute transcendental functions. In 1968, Hewlett-Packard introduced the 9100A, the world's first desktop programmable scientific calculator. Unlike the Mathatron printer, which utilized a conventional impact mechanism, the Cal-Tech's printer employed TI's new thermal printing technology. Like the aforementioned Mathatron, the Cal-Tech made use of ticker tape style printer which doubled as a display. Texas Instruments foreshadowed the rapidly approaching handheld calculator market in 1967, with the announcement of the experimental 'Cal-Tech' calculator. The Mathatron featured an unusual 'ticker tape' style printer, whose output doubled as a single-line display.
FRIDEN CALCULATOR DIVISION TWO BUTTONS FULL
Introduced more than a year before the more well-known Olivetti Programma 101, the Mathatron used full algebraic entry, complete with parentheses. In 1964, a small company named Mathatronics completed development of the Mathatron, the first electronic programmable desktop calculator. By the mid-1960s, Japan had introduced transistorized desktop calculators, and would soon be producing machines built on discrete bipolar and MOS logic.
The ANITA was capable of performing addition, subtraction, multiplication and division, and used a Comptometer-style input system and Nixie tube readout. Transistors were very expensive in 1961, so Sumlock opted to use miniature thyratrons as the switching elements in the ANITA. The first minicomputers had started to appear on the market, and the first fully electronic desktop calculators, the Sumlock ANITA Mk VII and Mk VIII, were introduced. By 1961, transistors had gained a foothold in business systems.